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Pigments protect the light harvesting proteins of chloroplast thylakoid membranes against digestion by gastrointestinal proteases

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Author

Summary, in English

Chloroplast thylakoid membranes inhibit pancreatic lipase/colipase activity in vitro and, when included in food, induce satiety signals. As thylakoid membranes themselves are nutrients, containing lipids and proteins, it is of interest to study the digestion of thylakoids by enzymes of the gastrointestinal tract. Thylakoid membranes were treated with pepsin, trypsin, gastric and pancreatic juice at 37 degrees C and the resulting enzymatic breakdown was analyzed by gel electrophoresis, electron microscopy and mass spectroscopy. In all cases, several of the proteins were degraded within half an hour, while the main parts of the pigment-protein complexes were resistant for hours. Oil emulsified thylakoids were more resistant towards the enzymatic breakdown. Electron microscopy demonstrated that, after treatments, the thylakoids still remained in a membrane vesicular form. The capacity of thylakoid membranes to inhibit the lipase/colipase activity was partly reduced in all cases. About 50% of the inhibition capacity remained after treatment with pancreatic juice when the thylakoids were present in an oil emulsion. Delipidated thylakoids and plasma membranes, which lack the photosynthetic pigments, were degraded rapidly by pancreatic juice. Conclusion: The pigments, closely bound to the trans-membrane helices of thylakoid membrane proteins protect these from digestion by pepsin, trypsin, gastric and pancreatic juice. This supports the notion that a substantial inhibition of lipase/colipase takes place during the first 2 h in the intestine resulting in a retardation and prolongation of lipolysis in vivo. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Publishing year

2011

Language

English

Pages

1618-1626

Publication/Series

Food Hydrocolloids

Volume

25

Issue

6

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Elsevier

Topic

  • Food Science

Keywords

  • Thylakoids
  • Lipase
  • Colipase
  • Pepsin
  • Trypsin
  • Emulsion
  • Gastric and
  • pancreatic juice

Status

Published

Research group

  • Appetite Regulation

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 0268-005X