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Training-induced compensation versus magnification of individual differences in memory performance

På svenska

Author

  • Martin Lövdén
  • Yvonne Brehmer
  • Shu-Chen Li
  • Ulman Lindenberger

Summary, in English

Do individuals with higher levels of task-relevant cognitive resources gain more from training, or do they gain less? For episodic memory, empirical evidence is mixed. Here, we revisit this issue by applying structural equation models for capturing individual differences in change to data from 108 participants aged 9-12, 20-25, and 65-78 years. Participants learned and practiced an imagery-based mnemonic to encode and retrieve words by location cues. Initial mnemonic instructions reduced between-person differences in memory performance, whereas further practice after instruction magnified between-person differences. We conclude that strategy instruction compensates for inefficient processing among the initially less able. In contrast, continued practice magnifies ability based between-person differences by uncovering individual differences in memory plasticity.

Publishing year

2012

Language

English

Publication/Series

Frontiers in Human Neuroscience

Volume

6

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Frontiers Media S. A.

Topic

  • Neurosciences

Keywords

  • memory plasticity
  • magnification
  • amplification
  • compensation
  • associative memory
  • aptitude by treatment interactions

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1662-5161