The browser you are using is not supported by this website. All versions of Internet Explorer are no longer supported, either by us or Microsoft (read more here: https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/microsoft-365/windows/end-of-ie-support).

Please use a modern browser to fully experience our website, such as the newest versions of Edge, Chrome, Firefox or Safari etc.

Estimation of LNAPL saturation in fine sand using time-domain reflectometry

På svenska

Author

Summary, in English

Recently, substantial progress has been made in detection and observation of non-aqueous phase liquids (NAPLs) in the subsurface using different experimental techniques. However, there is still a lack of appropriate direct methods to measure the saturation of NAPL theta(NAPL)). This paper provides a guide for estimating theta(NAPL) and water content (theta(a)) in unsaturated and saturated sand based on direct measurements of soil dielectric constant (K-a) and electrical conductivity (sigma(a)) using time domain reflectometry (TDR). The results show that the previously used dielectric mixing model fails to predict, theta(NAPL) in the case of a four-phase system. A new methodology is suggested and exemplified by showing that the measured K-a gives accurate estimation of theta(NAPL) for a three-phase system while in a four-phase system, both sigma(a) and K-a need to be measured. The results show that using the suggested methodology, accurate predictions of theta(w) (R-2 = 0.9998) and theta(NAPL) lower than 0.20 m(3) m(-3) (average R-2 = 0.9756) are possible.

Publishing year

2004

Language

English

Pages

987-1000

Publication/Series

Hydrological Sciences Journal

Volume

49

Issue

6

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Taylor & Francis

Topic

  • Water Engineering

Keywords

  • time domain
  • LNAPL
  • dielectric constant
  • electric conductivity
  • water content
  • reflectometry

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 0262-6667