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Extracting syringe for extraction of phthalate esters in aqueous environmental samples

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Author

Summary, in English

The use of the extracting syringe (ESy), a fully automated membrane-based extraction technique, for analysis of phthalate esters in complex aqueous samples has been investigated. The ESy, working as an autosampler that combines the extraction process and injection into the gas chromatograph (GC) in one single step, is placed on top of the GC equipped with a flame ionisation detector. The aqueous samples are loaded in a tray and automatically extracted by employing microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction principle. After the extraction, the extract is directly injected into the GC's programmable temperature vaporisation injector. Six different phthalate esters were used as model compounds. Four extraction solvents were tested and the addition of sample organic modifier was examined. Toluene was the optimal solvent to use for extraction. Due to the large variation in polarity of phthalate esters, 50% methanol as organic modifier had to be added to the samples so as to extract the most nonpolar phthalate esters; di-2-ethylhexylphthalate and di-n-octylphthalate, whereas the other four relatively polar phthalate esters were extracted from unmodified samples. No significant difference between extraction of river water, leachate water from a landfill and reagent water was noted, except for minor deviations. The extraction time was 20 min for extraction of a 1-mL sample, resulting in a good linearity for all aqueous media investigated, good enrichment factors (54-110 folds) and low LOD values (0.2-10 ng mL(-1)) and relative standard deviation (%R.S.D.; 0.9-3.7%).

Publishing year

2007

Language

English

Pages

240-247

Publication/Series

Analytica Chimica Acta

Volume

594

Issue

2

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Elsevier

Topic

  • Analytical Chemistry

Keywords

  • leachate water
  • environmental analysis
  • membrane extraction
  • extracting syringe
  • microporous membrane
  • phthalate esters
  • liquid-liquid extraction
  • gas chromatography

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1873-4324