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Occupational exposure to hexahydrophthalic anhydride: air analysis, percutaneous absorption, and biological monitoring

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Author

Summary, in English

Urinary hexahydrophthalic acid (HHP acid) levels were determined in 20 workers occupationally exposed to hexahydrophthalic anhydride (HHPA) air levels of 11-220 micrograms/m3. The levels of HHP acid in urine increased rapidly during exposure and the decreases were also rapid after the end of exposure. The elimination half-time of HHP acid was 5 h, which was significantly longer than in experimentally exposed volunteers, possibly indicating distribution to more than one compartment. There was a close correlation between time-weighted average levels of HHPA in air and creatinine-adjusted levels of HHP acid in urine collected during the last 4 h of exposure (r = 0.90), indicating that determination of urinary HHP acid levels is suitable as a method for biological monitoring of HHPA exposure. An air level of 100 micrograms/m3 corresponded to a postshift urinary HHP acid level of ca. 900 nmol/mmol creatinine in subjects performing light work for 8 h. Percutaneous absorption of HHPA was studied by application of HHPA in petrolatum to the back skin of three volunteers. The excreted amounts of HHP acid in urine, as a fraction of the totally applied amount of HHPA, were within intervals of 1.4%-4.5%, 0.2%-1.3%, and 0%-0.4% respectively, indicating that the contribution from percutaneous absorption is of minor importance in a method for biological monitoring.

Publishing year

1993

Language

English

Pages

43-47

Publication/Series

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health

Volume

65

Issue

1

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Springer

Topic

  • Environmental Health and Occupational Health

Keywords

  • Hexahydrophthalic anhydride
  • Hexahydrophthalic acid
  • Urine
  • Skin absorption
  • Biological monitoring

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1432-1246