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Scanning electron microscopy investigation of monads and tetrads of basal core eudicots from the Upper Cretaceous Vilui Basin, Siberia: Evidence for reticulate evolution

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Author

  • Christa-Charlotte Hofmann
  • Robert A. Spicer
  • Anders Ahlberg
  • Alexei B. Herman

Summary, in English

Non-marine Late Cretaceous sediments from the Vilui Basin, Siberia, yield a diverse palynoflora of over 180 taxa, a third of which had a circum-polar distribution. The Vilui palynoflora belongs generally to the northerly Aquilapollenites Province admixed with minute Normapolles types, and comprises about 36-70% angiosperm pollen forms, indicating a late Campanian/early Maastrichtian age. Using a combination of light and scanning electron microscopy we examined well-known stratigraphic taxa such as Aquilapollenites mtchedlishvilii Srivastava, Aquilapollenites decorus Srivastava Azonia recta Bolkhovitina and Tricerapollis minutus Chlonova. Further we present pollen belonging to early eudicots such as Saxifragales (Cercidiphyllaceae, Altingiaceae and Hamamelidaceae), basal eudicots (? Buxaceae) and basal core eudicots (?Gunnerales) that are preserved as colpate or porate forms, some of which are preserved as obligate tetrads, such as the morphogenera Virgo Ward, Artiopollis (Agasie) Singh, and Senectoteradites Dettmann while others are preserved as single grains or in pollen aggregations, such as Periporopollenites (Potonie) Pflug &Thomson, Retitricolpites (van der Hammen) Pierce and unnamed tricolpate types. The following new species are introduced: Virgo nicholsii, Artiopollis tyungensis, Artiopollis bellus, Periporopollenites sakhaensis, and Senectotetradites viluiensis. Our approach revealed features suggesting that individual grain types exhibit affiliations to more than one extant family. This mirrors trans-familial characters also observed in Late Cretaceous leaf fossils and is typical of reticulate evolution. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Department/s

Publishing year

2011

Language

English

Pages

196-211

Publication/Series

Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology

Volume

167

Issue

3-4

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Elsevier

Topic

  • Geotechnical Engineering

Keywords

  • Upper Cretaceous
  • Vilui Basin
  • basal eudicots
  • SEM
  • reticulate evolution

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 0034-6667