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High Symbiont Relatedness Stabilizes Mutualistic Cooperation in Fungus-Growing Termites

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Author

  • D. K. Aanen
  • Henrik Hjarvard de Fine Licht
  • A. J. M. Debets
  • N. A. G. Kerstes
  • R. F. Hoekstra
  • J. J. Boomsma

Summary, in English

It is unclear how mutualistic relationships can be stable when partners disperse freely and have the possibility of forming associations with many alternative genotypes. Theory predicts that high symbiont relatedness should resolve this problem, but the mechanisms to enforce this have rarely been studied. We show that African fungus-growing termites propagate single variants of their Termitomyces symbiont, despite initiating cultures from genetically variable spores from the habitat. High inoculation density in the substrate followed by fusion among clonally related mycelia enhances the efficiency of spore production in proportion to strain frequency. This positive reinforcement results in an exclusive lifetime association of each host colony with a single fungal symbiont and hinders the evolution of cheating. Our findings explain why vertical symbiont transmission in fungus-growing termites is rare and evolutionarily derived.

Publishing year

2009

Language

English

Pages

1103-1106

Publication/Series

Science

Volume

326

Issue

5956

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)

Topic

  • Biological Sciences

Keywords

  • macrotermes-natalensis
  • evolution
  • termitomyces
  • agriculture
  • isoptera
  • host
  • ants
  • incompatibility
  • transmission
  • conflict

Status

Published

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1095-9203