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Apolipoprotein M: Progress in understanding its regulation and metabolic functions

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Author

Summary, in English

ApoM is a novel apolipoprotein mainly present in high-density lipoprotein (HDL). It belongs to the lipocalin protein superfamily and may bind a small but so far unknown lipophilic ligand. It is secreted without cleavage of its hydrophobic signal peptide, which probably anchors apoM in the phospholipid moiety of plasma lipoproteins. Recent studies suggest that apoM may affect HDL metabolism and have anti-atherogenic functions. The subfraction of human HDL that contains apoM therefore protects LDL from oxidation and mediates cholesterol efflux more efficiently then HDL without apoM. In addition to hepatocytes, apoM is highly expressed in kidney proximal tubule cells. Recent data suggest that apoM is secreted into the pre-urine from the tubule cells but is normally taken up again in a megalin-dependent fashion. Further studies of mice with genetically modified apoM expression will be essential to unravel the potential roles of apoM in lipoprotein metabolism, atherosclerosis and kidney biology.

Publishing year

2006

Language

English

Pages

631-637

Publication/Series

Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation

Volume

66

Issue

7

Document type

Journal article review

Publisher

Informa Healthcare

Topic

  • Medicinal Chemistry

Keywords

  • megalin
  • HDL metabolism
  • cholesterol efflux
  • apoM
  • atherosclerosis
  • oxidation

Status

Published

Research group

  • Clinical Chemistry, Malmö

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1502-7686