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Complement factor I in health and disease.

På svenska

Author

  • Sara Nilsson
  • Robert B Sim
  • Susan M Lea
  • Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi
  • Anna Blom

Summary, in English

Factor I (FI) is a crucial inhibitor controlling all complement pathways due to its ability to degrade activated complement proteins C3b and C4b in the presence of cofactors such as factor H, C4b-binding protein, complement receptor 1 or CD46. Complete deficiency of FI, which is synthesized mainly in the liver is rare and leads to complement consumption resulting in recurrent severe infections, glomerulonephritis or autoimmune diseases. Incomplete FI deficiency is in turn associated with atypical haemolytic uremic syndrome, a severe disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia and acute renal failure. Structurally, FI is a 88kDa heterodimer of a heavy chain consisting of one FI-membrane attack complex (FIMAC) domain, one CD5 domain and two low-density lipoprotein receptor domains (LDLr), and a light chain which is a serine protease domain (SP), linked to the heavy chain by a disulfide bond. FI cleaves its in vivo substrates C3b and C4b only in the presence of cofactors, it shows poor enzymatic activity towards synthetic substrates tested so far and it has no natural inhibitor.

Publishing year

2011

Language

English

Pages

1611-1620

Publication/Series

Molecular Immunology

Volume

48

Document type

Journal article

Publisher

Pergamon Press Ltd.

Topic

  • Immunology in the medical area

Status

Published

Research group

  • Protein Chemistry, Malmö

ISBN/ISSN/Other

  • ISSN: 1872-9142